Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which condition is NOT associated with metabolic alkalosis?

1. Batter Syndrome

2. Cystic Fibrosis

3. Respiratory Distress Syndrome

4. Pyloric Stenosis

The correct answer is: Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increase in blood pH due to an excess of bicarbonate or loss of hydrogen ions. Each of the conditions listed has distinct pathophysiological mechanisms that may lead to metabolic alkalosis, except for one. Batter Syndrome is a disorder that leads to renal tubular dysfunction and can cause significant loss of potassium and hydrogen ions, potentially contributing to metabolic alkalosis. Cystic Fibrosis can cause persistent respiratory acidosis due to lung disease but can also lead to metabolic alkalosis through electrolyte imbalances. Pyloric Stenosis involves prolonged vomiting, which results in the loss of hydrochloric acid and can also lead to metabolic alkalosis. Respiratory Distress Syndrome primarily affects lung function and is characterized by inadequate oxygenation and ventilation, usually leading to respiratory acidosis rather than metabolic imbalances. Therefore, this condition does not commonly associate with metabolic alkalosis as it doesn't involve processes that would increase blood pH in the same manner as the other conditions listed. Thus, it is the condition that is not related to metabolic alkalosis.