Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

What is the frequency setting for HFOV for infants weighing less than 1 kg?

1. 10 Hz

2. 15 Hz

3. 20 Hz

4. 25 Hz

The correct answer is: 15 Hz

In high-frequency oscillator ventilation (HFOV), the frequency setting is crucial for optimizing ventilation, particularly in very low birth weight infants who may require careful management due to their underdeveloped respiratory systems. For infants weighing less than 1 kg, a frequency of 15 Hz is typically chosen. This frequency is considered effective because it allows for sufficient ventilation without causing excessive airway pressures, which could lead to barotrauma or volutrauma in fragile lungs. The 15 Hz setting strikes a balance between adequate gas exchange and minimizing lung injury, aligning with clinical protocols designed for this vulnerable population. In HFOV, the lower the infant's weight, the greater the emphasis on gentle ventilation strategies to prevent lung injury, making 15 Hz an appropriate choice for those under 1 kg. Higher frequencies, like 20 Hz or 25 Hz, can increase the risk of lung injury due to potentially higher airway pressures, while lower frequencies, such as 10 Hz, may not provide adequate ventilation to achieve optimal carbon dioxide removal. Thus, the choice of 15 Hz stands out as the most suitable option for managing the unique respiratory needs of very low birth weight infants.