Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

What does High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) provide?

1. Blended heated and humidified oxygen at a flow rate of less than 1L/min

2. Cool dry air at high flow rates

3. Blended heated and humidified oxygen at a flow rate greater than 1L/min

4. Administered via mask only

The correct answer is: Blended heated and humidified oxygen at a flow rate greater than 1L/min

High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) therapy is designed to deliver blended heated and humidified oxygen at flow rates typically exceeding 1 liter per minute. This method of oxygen delivery is particularly beneficial for patients experiencing respiratory distress, as it helps to maintain airway patency, improve oxygenation, and enhance the clearance of secretions. The heated and humidified aspect of HFNC also ensures that the air is at a comfortable temperature and maintains mucosal integrity within the airways, reducing the risk of complications associated with dry air. By delivering oxygen at higher flow rates, HFNC can also provide a level of positive airway pressure, which assists in avoiding alveolar collapse and improving ventilation and oxygen diffusion. This makes HFNC a versatile and effective option for neonates and other patient populations requiring respiratory support. In contrast to the other options, HFNC is not about administering cool dry air or using lower flow rates and is not limited to mask delivery; it is most commonly delivered via nasal cannula, optimizing comfort and minimizing work of breathing for the patient.